The late Warring States Korea (today Xinzheng, is Zhengzhou; Cheng Han ancient in today's Henan Xinzheng) people, Han nationality, is a famous ancient Chinese philosopher, thinker and essayist, a master of Legalist thought, the Bank said South Korea originally noble Han Fei and Li Si Qing Gou with the teacher. Han Fei stuttering, but he is good at writing, and the inheritance and development of the Xunzi magic thinking, while drawing on his previous Legalism, comparing national political reform gains and losses, that theory, the set of Legalism Great. Han Fei Wang and Political Reform petition several times, but not used, are energies wrote books in order to hear tat. Qinwang Zheng Mu its name, the suicide note Hanwang Jiang Qin invited his mission. Emperor of the Han Fei's thought to be reused. Legalism he founded, as China's first unified centralized authoritarian state to provide a theoretical basis for the birth. By Han Fei Li Si in Qin, Yao Jia Wu Hai, died in prison. This deposit,
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Zhou Nan Wang thirty-five years, fourteen years and died in Qin Shi Huang, the Warring States Period Koreans, from a noble family, the son of the Korean king break. His stuttering, talkative, and good writing. Han Fei and Li Si Xun Qing with a student, he learned to, knowledge, Superman, Scott thinks is better. He is representative of the Legalist Han Fei Although the division
Feng Xun Qing, but the ideas are very different and Xun Qing, he has not inherited the Confucian idea of the new situation in the late Warring States period, development of the times he demand, but Han Fei was born in the Seven Warring States
disputes of the world, in the Seven Warring States, South Korea is the most vulnerable countries, he witnessed the increasingly debilitating Korea has repeatedly plain speaking letter to the Korean king, hopes Han Wangan good governance, political reform plans strong, but the Korean king turned a deaf ear, has neither adopted. This makes him lonely pessimistic, disappointed. He work, comprehensive and systematic exposition of the rule of law his ideas, to express the Anger straight and can not be isolated at the time of anger. These works have spread to the state of Qin, Qin Shi Huang read the Can be described as praise, admiration already has the. But the emperor do not know who wrote these two articles, then asked Lisi, Lisi told him the writings of Han Fei. To see Han Fei Qin Shi Huang, he ordered the invasion of South Korea urgently. Han Fei Han Wangan had no appointment, in the case of urgent situations, so he sent envoy to Qin Han Fei. See Han Fei Qin Shi Huang, very happy, but it has not been trust and reuse. The first emperor of Han Fei was a letter to advise cutting Han Zhao slow cutting, which was Yao Jia Li Si and the slander, defame them and said: Qin did not, this is also touched the. this king not, stay long and return it, this Ziqian suffering also, it is better to have laws to punish it. Lisi Pai Fei sent people to the poison, so he committed suicide. Since Qin Shi Huang Fei Chen minds want to, but not Jinxian. Qin Shi Huang was later regret, people forgive him, and Han Fei is dead. (See
Han Fei's writings is his after the death of series set made of future generations. According to the ) also said, Since the Han and then,
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attention to the faction. They advocate This centralization of the Qin Dynasty was established to provide an effective theoretical basis for the later Han dynasty, the Qin Dynasty inherited the centralized system and the legal system, which is China's ancient feudal society, the political and legal subjects. Legalism in the jurisprudence
made a contribution to the legal origin, nature, function and legal with the social and economic, of the times, state power, ethics, customs, natural environment and population, human relations and other issues have done a basic study, and effective. Legalism
but also has its shortcomings. Exaggerate the role of law as strongly emphasized to govern the country with a heavy penalty, They think that human nature is the pursuit of interests, there is no moral standards at all, it is necessary to use the interests and honor to induce people to do it. Such as war, if set to give a high reward exploits, including the office, so to inspire the soldiers and generals fought battle. This may be the powerful Qin army fighting one of the reasons, and destroying unity of the six countries of China and Law School's role should be affirmed, even though it has some drawbacks.
Legalist thought briefly described as follows:
against ritual
Legalist emphasis on the law, and opposed the Confucian In their view, then the landlord class against aristocratic monopoly of the emerging economic and political interests of the hereditary privileges, requirements, and private ownership of land granted by merit and talents official, this is very fair, correct ideas. The maintenance of aristocratic privilege of the ritual is outdated and unfair.
the role of law
first role is to Legalism Legalism is one of them to do a very simple and obvious metaphor: rabbit run, many people catch, but so many on the market rabbits, but without looking. This is not do not want the rabbit, but the ownership has been determined, can not compete, and otherwise contrary to law, be subject to sanctions.
second role is Xing Gong or for the ultimate goal of Fuguoqiangbing made annexation war.
Such as pipes to say, business day and night, catch thousands of miles away do not think is attractive because of interest in front of him. Fisherman who are not afraid of danger, sailing against the tide, a hundred miles away do not care, but also the pursuit of fishing interests. With this same idea, so Shang Yang was concluded: retro Legalist thought the conservative opposition, advocates committed to reform. They believed that history moved forward, all the laws and institutions must be developed with the development of history, neither retro back, can not follow the beaten track. Shang Yang clearly put forward the Fei Shang Yang is further developed the idea that
To a master of Legalism Han Fei, the Han Fei will put forward three ideas closely. Law is a sound legal system, potential refers to the monarch's power, sole power to military and political power, is the means of controlling the operation ministers, to power, the implementation of the strategies and means of law. Mainly detect, prevent commit rebellion, to maintain sovereign status.
Legalism and we are now advocating a democratic form of rule of law are fundamentally different, the greatest monarch is strongly advocated centralized Legalist, and is absolute. This point should be noted. Legalism other ideas we can selectively learn, use.
of statecraft
order to adapt to the new political situation, Legalism proposed new governance, as noted above, they are invincible self-righteousness. According to them, a necessary first step is legislation. Han Fei wrote: France was announced, the monarch must be a clear grasp of the behavior of people. Because he has potential, can punish people who illegally reward law-abiding people. So to do, to be able to successfully rule the people, regardless of how many people do.
this regard, Han Fei wrote: not non-, a country can make together. is governed by the public but few homes, it is not Germany and Services Act Works. He does not need special skills and high moral and does not need, like the Confucian idea that the example of their own making, or to rule through personal influence.
Hanfeizi and with, and add another article discusses the theory of Han Fei woven.
Han Fei (approximately the top 280 - before 233), is the late Warring States Korea [now in Henan Xinzheng] nobility, Some say he was stuttering, ineloquent but good books.
he and Reese are a disciple of Xunzi. South Korea was weak, often bullied by neighbors, he repeatedly proposed to the Korean king prosperity plan, but not Korean king adopted. Han Fei wrote Han Fei Qin Ying Zheng read the article, very appreciated. 234 BC, Han Fei, as South Korea's envoy to Qin, a letter to the King of Qin, to persuade them to delay the first cutting and cutting Han Zhao. Han Fei Li Si can be jealous, and Yao Jia to be framed together into slander, Han Fei was forced to commit suicide.
Hanfeizi attention to the study of history, that history is the continued development and progress. He thinks that if In a world still praise Therefore, he advocated His view of history, as the reform of the landlord class was to provide a theoretical basis. Han Fei
summarizes the Warring States period,UGG shoes, inheritance and Legalist thought and practice, put forward the theory of centralized monarchy. He advocated potential to control the world, To this end, the monarch should use various means to remove the hereditary slave aristocracy, Han Fei also advocated the reform and the rule of law, calling for He stressed the importance of the He also believed that only the implementation of torture to heavy penalties, the people will obey, social order and stability, to consolidate the feudal rule. Han Fei these claims, reflecting the emerging interests of the feudal landlord class and the requirements for an end relive the establishment of a unified centralized feudal state, providing a theoretical basis. Qin Shi Huang unified China, the many political measures taken, that is, application of the theory and development of Han Fei.
Han Fei .
simple dialectics of Han Fei also more prominent, he first proposed the theory of contradiction, the spear and shield of the fable, that It is worth mentioning that, These vivid fable, contains a deep philosophy of Jun, with their ideological and artistic perfect combination of inspiration to the people with wisdom, with high literary value.
Hanfeizi living in the 3rd century BC,UGG boots, is the late Warring States Korea's royal family, his stuttering, ineloquent but good books.
child living in a time of Han Fei, ROK is increasing, and weakened, he out of patriotism, and again a letter to South Korean king, the proposed political reform, advocating the importance of the rulers should be Fuguoqiangbing task; but the king did not adopt. Thus, the history of his country according to lessons learned and real world conditions, write , series of He's not taken seriously in South Korea these papers, but spread to the then powerful state of Qin, Qin Shi Huang's like the popular. Qin Shi Huang Jubing attack South Korea, South Korea ambassador to the king to send Han Fei Qin sum, the emperor he was ready to leave reuse, the prime minister Li Si was Renqin Guo Han Fei students are well aware of Han Fei was too high to him, out of jealousy, So the emperor into the slanderous charges against him. Qin Shi Huang listen to calumny, to Han Fei and poisoned him in prison.
Han Fei's major works, Existing fifty-five book, about ten thousand words, most of the works of Han Fei himself. At that time, Confucianism in China, intellectual, Mohist represented, advocating Han Fei Zi attack advocated Han Fei advocated divine right of kings, since the Qin Dynasty, China was the feudal establishment of totalitarian despotism, Han Fei's theory is influential.
article Hanfeizi reasoning precision, Wen Feng sharp, thorough discussion, common sense deduction, to the point. Such as
Hanfeizi article sophisticated ideas, bold description, language humor,UGG boots cheap, see the wonders of the plain, with interesting, inspiring people of the world's artistic effect. Han Fei also good fable with plenty of plain and rich knowledge of history as a demonstration information on abstract reasoning, visualization Legalism reflect his life and his profound understanding of the community. In his article appearing in a lot of fable, because of its rich content, lively stories, a popular allusion, still widely used for people.
is a Selection
Song Han Fei who have shall buy wine or almost even level off or even move the event, as the wine was very beautiful, the county flag high, then do not sell the , wine acid. Its so strange, and asked the elderly their knowledge Lu Yang Qian. Qian said: acid instead of alcohol so sold also. Proper way people in surgery while trying to use the Ming Wai Wan Cheng of their Lord, Minister for the fierce dogs, but welcome it. The reason why the shield to take charge of threatening, and people in proper way so we do not have.
liquor State of Song, the amount of liquor apparatus is very fair, very respectful attitude towards guests, the wine is very aromatic wine, (shop front) Jiuqi hanging very high. Many wine storage product no one to buy, (of time,) the wine is sour. (Liquor) are strange, incomprehensible reason of them. Lane to live with him and know that it's old Yang Qian inquire. Yang Qian said: children, hides the money, took the pot, to the porter. but sprang to bite your dog, (who would dare to buy the drinks it?) This is the wine you can not sell because the ultimate sour. >
countries also have such a fierce dog. With talented people running the country's ability to want to intrinsic Chen (big country king), the kings of the big states to Ming Xiao (rule of strategy.) Minister who sprang to bite the same as the vicious dog, which makes the monarch was deceived and hijack, so those who can not be reused.
his new ideas beyond the Confucian, wrote many great books, and is representative of the Warring States period Legalism.
many fables by Han Fei Zi, systematically expounded method, technique, potential legal theory. His book summarizes the pros and cons of the ancient king, expressing their visions and ideas, such as: The
Legalism:
one day can not be good and bad personnel decisions, everything becomes possible.
Second, people should not violate the laws of nature, and should take advantage of days when the crop class.
Third, the state should be strong, rely on agriculture and war, farming is the agricultural production, fight to strengthen combat readiness.
Fourth, the rule of law is more suitable than the rule of virtue in contemporary society, because social development and changes, and all things also change, so the specific measures that should be changed. Accessible with the opposite contingency
V. emphasis on rule of law, magic, law, let the well known and firmly enforced. Method to control the ministers is the monarch is monarch supreme authority and power and influence.
May be obtained from outside. Spirit does not wander outside, its inherent nature can be preserved. Preservation of their own inner nature is called the All Germany, are based on doing nothing to build up to no desire to success, and without thorough consideration to be stable. To not use to be consolidated. For if there is promising, and Germany to wander outside without end; de hangs out there is no destination. Is not completely out. If you use it, thinking it, Germany can not be consolidated; not consolidated, there is no effect; no effect and is due from that virtuous, thinking virtuous, there is no virtue. Virtue does not think to keep the German. Therefore, the Is that person's mind without any constraints. Attained the kind of surgery do not understand people who deliberately doing nothing, no thought to the performance of virtual people, do not forget that his mind often true, it is to be pinned down by the virtual. The so-called virtual. Is that his mind is not anything that constraint. Now the check is false, it is not true. Really do imaginary people. In the treatment of inaction, and inaction as the often do not pay attention to things. Inaction often do not pay attention to things as to empty the; virtual, and Germany on the full. Germany called on the German enriched. Therefore, the scourge; is irrepressible feelings from the heart, not to obtain someone else's return. Therefore, the respectively. Courtiers serving monarch moderate, above moderate attachment below, the son of the father waited moderate, humble worship distinguished moderate, moderately close friends help each other, close to the people, the alienation of the people outside the moderate. Deal with the so-called relationship between human meaning that is very suitable, suitable only to do it. Therefore, the Jun and Chen used the provisions, the relationship between parent and child, is that cheap Gui, Yin and the difference between unethical. With a heart can not express feelings, so, Ji Qu, worship and other activities to base have in mind; heart really be love, people do not understand, so, good sounding words to be representations. ceremony is used to express inner feelings of the external text decoration. Therefore, the needs. for its own needs, focused exclusively deal with it and make it on the ceremony (an important ritual), which focused exclusively on the ceremony, most people are half-hearted, so the two can not correspond; two can not correspond, so I there are brilliant; benevolence is de glory. shining with its color, color with the performance of its matter; meaning that the performance of kernel thing. it provides courteous, the performance of ritual is a literary talent; ceremony is the meaning of the literary grace. so I Wait tattoo in terms of fixed nature, that nature is weak. What can be used on fixed them? and s of the wall (Chu Bian and dedicated to the king of jade), no colored paper ornaments, with Hou Chu (ancient name of beads. According to legend, along with Hou heal a wounded snake, serpent gratitude, the title to give him a big beads, the beads they call with Hou), without gold and silver decorations. because of their texture and beautiful, other things are not decorative, objects to be decorated before playing popular , that their texture is not beautiful. So between father and son gift, simple and informal nature,Discount UGG boots, so that the ceremony is weak to. all things can not be strong, growth and decline of yin and yang is the case; common sense are always pros and cons of mutually exclusive Sidley is one such, it is apparent failure etiquette harassment is the performance of inner feelings. That being the case, then salute the people, it is simple to communicate with one heart. most people salute, others have responded to complacency, did not respond to blame complain. now salute the people of this used to communicate simple soul, but to the people providing the scale of mutual accusations. It can not dispute it? a dispute to hell broke loose, so weak performance is the confusion of the culprit. ? Chan Ho (Warring States Chu, Taoist figure) sitting disciples stand in the next, then heard the cattle call at the door. disciples said, the vanity of the performance. The foolish boy has the same effect, therefore, said: courtesy. acting recklessly is to follow the common sense to be made, like the true feelings. Therefore, the to make their later years. understand common sense, to be successful. enjoy the later years to all students and longevity. be successful, and you can be rich. All life is called blessing wealth. And a blessing or a curse to the original in there. So, die premature deaths; action contrary to common sense, work can not be successful. yao within the scourge of death suits reputation without success, this is big disaster it! However, this is from being the scourge of breeding out. Therefore, the , happiness, ah, is evil lurk. Great to get the emperor's power and dignity, and easy to get a small reward and salary Qingxiang General. Contrary to the law and act rashly those things, although there are kings, princes of the power and dignity, and under the Dayton Yi (Spring and Autumn at the end Langlu people), Tao Zhu (the norm stupid. Spring and Autumn Period Chu, business prosperity), Pu Zhu (divining good and bad people) wealth, but also the loss of his loss of the financial resources of the people. The reason why most people easily against the truth and act rashly, because do not know the truth vast fortune into a far-reaching look like this, so did not want rich full life, and no one can escape the scourge of premature death in the poor and lowly. Rich and full life to himself, but today is poor and lowly early death, it is not able to achieve what he would like to achieve. He wants to go all the way left and chaos to go to is called the confused, confusing, can not achieve what he wants to achieve the right place. Now people can not reach the place he wants to achieve, so Therefore, the assets look very weak. The so-called acts of integrity, behavior is just the heart out of the public without bias. The so-called glory, is the official post honorable, beautiful clothes. Who now hold the road, although the world, and all sincerely rolls, but not this talk of people suffering fall; While the financial resources to risking his own life lightly, but not as weak and incompetent and an insult to sneer at Menthods the , although no clique, good character, but not this too?? behavior is not correct to blame the people and selfish people; although the position of distinguished gorgeous dress, but not as despised and lowly bullying the poor. What is the underlying reason why it? If people are willing to lose the way people listen to the views familiar to people who know how to ask, they will not stray into. But now most people want to succeed but the failure is due to truth but do not know who would not know how to ask whereabouts and listen to the views of Homo habilis, and saints insist on taking them out of trouble to blame them to produce resentment. Most people have less and saints, outnumbered, it is inevitable truth. If every move against the people and the world, it is not a safe way to live longer, so the saints to guide people with the following testimonies. Therefore, the , the static and dynamic reflection, man-made. As human beings, have to rely on eyesight naturally go, relying on days students feel to listen to the wisdom of relying on day thoughts. So over-used vision, the eye is unknown; hearing was over with, no ears, Satoshi; minds of over-used, intelligence on the disorder. Eyes is unknown, it can not determine the color black and white; ears are not clever, it can not identify the voicing of the sound; mental disorder, it can not distinguish between gains and losses of land. Eye can not judge the color black and white is called the blind, the ears can not distinguish the voice of voicing called deaf, mentally distinguish between gains and losses can not be called the land of confusion. Blind can not avoid the risk of discovery during the day, deaf to not know the terrible rain Rehoboth, confused world is not safe from the law of punishment. So-called If the hearing, vision and intelligence completely exhausted to bother too much; bother too much, the scourge of blind and deaf frenzy will come. So to save it. Save it, is playing its cherish the spirit of saving its intelligence. Therefore, the Saint bother calm, calm to consume less, consume less called stingy. Mean as a way, it produces in a certain sense. Can mean, is subject to reasonable results. Most people experience suffering, into a disaster, still do not know the back body, not subject to reason. Although the scourge of the saints did not see signs to obey the truth Emptiness inaction, this is called Minds of Emptiness, not from the inherent loss of morality; QiQiao smooth, and gas to continue to come. Therefore, the Therefore, the defeat the enemy. Easily defeat the enemy, thought and expression to be able to rule the roost in the world. Therefore, the
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